First Baptist Church celebrated its 175th anniversary in 2009. On November 11, 1833, the General Court of Massachusetts established the equality of all religious sects as well as the repeal of state authority over churches. One month later, on December 11, 1833, 21 baptists in Lexington met to form a church. On, January 13, 1892, the First Baptist Church of Lexington voted to become incorporated.
The Mission program at First Baptist Church is dedicated to a broad outreach, supporting over 50 local, national and foreign missions. The church's special mission project since 2004 has been support of a school in the Garden district, Zambia as part of Community Without Borders. Ongoing collections include grocery items for the food pantry at Eliot Church in Roxbury, a coin jug which helps support Grace and Hope mission in Boston, aluminum can flip tops for Shriners' Hospital to aid in the purchase of medical equipment, and travel size toiletries which are donated to Bristol lodge and Sandra's lodge.